The most common reason is the brine line is not firmly connected into the fitting on the float valve (inside the brine well).
If you have a quick connect fitting:
Make sure the end of your brine line is cut straight and smooth. The quick connect fitting uses an o-ring inside the fitting to seal, when you push the tubing into the fitting it will naturally stop when it hits the o-ring. When it does so, continue to push the tubing and it should advance another 1/4" or so and seal inside the o-ring.
If you have a compression nut fitting:
Make sure the end of your brine line is cut straight and smooth. Ensure the insert is inside the line and both sleeve and gripper are correctly positioned (see image below). Push the tubing fully into the fitting before firmly tightening the nut to ensure a good seal.
If the brine line is fully seated and sealed in the float that
should fix that issue. If the brine line is not sealed in the float valve it will not properly draw the water out of the brine tank, causing it to overfill during the brine fill cycle. It will also prevent the float from shutting the water off, since water will leak out around the fitting instead of getting stopped by the float.
The second reason for overflow is the overflow drain line is tied into another drain such as the drain from the softener itself. You
cannot
connect those two together. The brine tank overflow can only run to a floor drain and on a separate line from anything else.
If neither of those fix the issue, please see the article
Brine Tank Not Drawing
.